نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
Historical evidence shows that due to the role of the press along with other mass media to create an atmosphere for exchange of views, criticism, dialogue and in a word expand freedom of expression and opinion, are always monitored by governments. In the present article, using the method of documentary and historical research, the historical course of press freedom in the three countries of England, France and the America as the flag bearers of the transformation in press is examined. The focus of the present study is on the period in which democratic revolutions took place in 17th and 18th centuries in the three countries; because the effects of these events in their time on evolution of the press were very impressive. Accordingly, a review of the state of the press in the West based on political and social developments reveals three different periods: 1) authoritarian press 2) ideological and political press 3) commercial and news press. The results of the study show that the impact of "democratic revolutions" on the free flow of information and freedom of the press is significant because during the nineteenth century, all constitutions of European countries, freedom of the press based on the principles of the American Bill of Rights and France set. This trend has continued in various forms and international laws throughout the twentieth century, and advocates of freedom of expression and the mass media are still working to create and maintain a free information space and to guarantee it by governments.
کلیدواژهها English